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对2024年北京市丰台区发生的聚集性发热疫情进行病原鉴定，分析人偏肺病毒（Human metapneumovirus,HMPV）的基因特征，提升我区发热疫情处置能力。收集北京市丰台区聚集性发热疫情的流行病学信息和咽拭子标本，提取核酸后使用实时荧光聚合酶链式反应（PCR）进行常见呼吸道病原体的筛查。筛查为HMPV核酸阳性的标本，采用巢式逆转录-聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）扩增HMPV F蛋白和G蛋白的核苷酸序列，使用BioEdit及Mega7软件对序列进行分析。144起聚集性发热疫情的594份咽拭子标本中，有8起共27份标本经检测为HMPV阳性，阳性率为4.55%(27/594)。HMPV聚集性发热疫情主要发生在12月份。获得的F蛋白和G蛋白基因序列分型均为B2型。与B2参考株CAN98-75相比，20份本土株F蛋白在第280位点均发生了D（天冬氨酸）→N（天冬酰胺）的变异；8份本土株G蛋白均存在糖基化位点的改变或数量的减少。2024年北京市丰台区发生的HMPV聚集性疫情的基因型均为B2型，有必要加强HMPV的长期监测。
Abstract：An outbreak investigation was conducted in Fengtai District, Beijing, in 2024 to identify the causative pathogen of clustered fever cases and to analyze the genetic characteristics of human metapneumovirus(HMPV). Epidemiological data and throat swab specimens were collected, and nucleic acids were extracted and screened for common respiratory pathogens using real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction(PCR). HMPV-positive specimens were further analyzed by nested reverse transcription-PCR(RT-PCR) to amplify the F and G protein genes, followed by sequence analysis using BioEdit and MEGA 7 software. Among 594 throat swab specimens from 144 outbreaks, 27 specimens from 8 outbreaks tested positive for HMPV, with a positivity rate of 4.55%(27/594). These outbreaks occurred predominantly in December. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all F and G protein gene sequences belonged to genotype B2. Compared with the B2 reference strain CAN98-75, 20 local strains had a D(aspartic acid) to N(asparagine) substitution at position 280 in the F protein, and 8 strains showed alterations or reductions in glycosylation sites of the G protein. The 2024 HMPV outbreaks in Fengtai District were exclusively caused by genotype B2 strains, highlighting the need for sustained long-term surveillance to support timely detection and control of HMPV outbreaks.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.250210
中图分类号:R181.8
引用信息:
[1]秦萌,颜涛,王超,等.北京市丰台区人偏肺病毒聚集性发热疫情的基因特征分析[J].病毒学报,2025,41(05):1367-1375.DOI:10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.250210.
基金信息:
北京重大呼吸道传染病研究中心项目（BJRID2025-005）,新发呼吸道传染病流行时不同阶段防控策略研究~~