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为了解2023年广州市荔湾区诺如病毒胃肠炎暴发/聚集性疫情的毒株分子特征和遗传变异性，收集患者肛拭子，采用qPCR、RT-PCR分别进行诺如病毒检测与分型，并对部分样本进行全基因组测序。对序列进行系统发育分析、氨基酸序列比对、蛋白质理化性质预测，研究其分子特征及不同型别病毒的遗传变异性。结果共有14起诺如病毒疫情，共收集285份标本，其中76份诺如病毒阳性；包括9起GⅡ，2起GⅠ，3起GⅠ/GⅡ混合；成功分型8起疫情，GⅡ.17[P17]型疫情数最多。测序获得LW01(GⅠ.4[P4])、LW06(GⅡ.3[P12])、LW07(GⅡ.17[P17])毒株的全基因组序列，并建立这3种基因型数据集，其中GⅡ.17[P17]型病毒的易突变位点最多。3株毒株均未发现基因重组，均存在新的变异位点，多与氨基酸疏水性相关。本研究中，GⅡ.17[P17]是主要流行基因型，表现出高度遗传变异性。3种基因型毒株均存在氨基酸突变位点，需持续开展诺如病毒分子特征研究以监测其变异趋势，为诺如病毒疫情防控提供科学依据。
Abstract：To investigate the molecular characteristics and genetic variability of norovirus strains involved in gastroenteritis outbreaks in Liwan District, Guangzhou, in 2023, rectal swabs were collected from affected individuals. Norovirus detection and genotyping were performed using quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR) and reverse transcription PCR(RT-PCR), respectively, and whole-genome sequencing was conducted for selected samples. Comprehensive molecular analyses—including phylogenetic analysis, amino acid sequence alignment, and prediction of protein physicochemical properties—were used to characterize the viral strains and assess genotype-specific variation. A total of 14 norovirus outbreaks were reported, from which 285 clinical specimens were collected; 76 tested positive for norovirus. Among these, 9 outbreaks were caused by genogroup GⅡ, 2 by GⅠ, and 3 involved mixed GⅠ/GⅡ infections. Genotyping was successful in 8 outbreaks, with GⅡ. 17[P17] identified as the most prevalent genotype. Whole-genome sequences were obtained for representative strains LW01(GⅠ.4[P4]), LW06(GⅡ.3[P12]), and LW07(GⅡ.17[P17]). Among the three genotype datasets constructed, GⅡ.17[P17] exhibited the highest number of mutation-prone sites. No evidence of recombination was observed in any of the three strains. However, novel mutation sites were detected across all strains, many of which were associated with alterations in amino acid hydrophobicity. In this study, GⅡ. 17[P17] was identified as the dominant circulating genotype, displaying a high degree of genetic diversity. All three genotypes showed amino acid substitutions, underscoring the importance of ongoing molecular surveillance to monitor evolutionary trends and inform evidence-based norovirus outbreak prevention and control strategies.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.250099
中图分类号:R373.2
引用信息:
[1]肖颖,李利利,谭志熹,等.2023年广州市荔湾区诺如病毒胃肠炎疫情毒株遗传变异特征分析[J].病毒学报,2025,41(05):1385-1392.DOI:10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.250099.
基金信息:
北京市自然科学基金-海淀原始创新联合基金项目(项目号：L232011),题目：我国诺如病毒基因变异变迁及所致胃肠炎流行特征和经济负担研究~~
2025-08-12
2025-08-12
2025-08-12