病毒学报

本文通过花瓣愈伤组织培养、胚珠培养以及茎尖培养与抗病毒化学药物——病毒唑处理相结合等3种方法,进行香石竹斑驳病毒的脱毒试验。用指示植物法、电子显微镜及酶联免疫吸附试验方法,对各种脱病毒处理后的试管苗进行严格的病毒检测。结果表明:(1)花瓣愈伤组织培养的脱毒率可达到78.26％;(2)胚珠培养法可以完全脱毒;(3)随着病毒唑处理时间的延长,茎尖培养的脱毒率增加,用病毒唑最佳浓度5 mg/L处理不同长度的茎尖,发现3mm以内者脱毒有效,1mm者脱毒率达80％。同时用显微免疫组织化学方法追踪检查病毒唑处理后病毒在茎夫区域的分布,发现病毒唑处理4周后,生长锥中已无病毒,仅小叶中含有病毒;5周后病毒完全脱去。讨论了香石竹3种脱病毒方法的应用以及病毒唑和组织培养相结合脱病毒的可能机理。

Three procedures for eliminating virus from carnation shoots have been studied including callus culture from petal, ovule culture and combination of meristem-tip culture with treatment of antiviral agent,ribavi-rin. Indicator plants, electromicroscopy and ELISA were used to detect CarMV in test-tube shoots. The rercentage of virus-free plants was 78.26% in shoots from callus culture of petal. CarMV was eliminated completely from shoots by ovule culture. The percentage of virus-free shoots from meristem-tip culture increased according to the time of treatment with ri-bavirin, and the suitable concentration of ribavirin for treatment was 5mg /1. Under this concentration, virus-free shoots could be produced effectively from meristem-tip of the length within 3mm, and the 80% of virus-free shoots could be obtained from, meristem-tip of 1mm length. The distribution of CarMV in meristem-tip was examined by immuno-histochemi-cal method ( IHCM ). The result showed that CarMV could not be seen in meristem-tip, but so nc positive serological reaction could be observed in leaflets when the meristem-tip were treated by ribavirin in 4 weeks. The CarMV could be eliminated completely from meristem-tip within 3mm length after 5 weeks treatment.