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分析济南市2019-2024年儿童感染呼吸道合胞病毒（Respiratory syncytial virus, RSV）的流行趋势和分子流行病学特点及RSV G基因序列的变异情况，为RSV引起的呼吸道感染的预防控制提供科学数据。2019年3月-2024年2月，在济南市某儿童医院每周采集0～14岁儿童流感样病例鼻咽拭子样本，采用多重荧光定量PCR技术进行多病原核酸检测，对符合测序标准的RSV阳性样本进行G基因片段测序。运用描述流行病学方法对采集的数据进行统计分析，使用Mega 11.0软件构建系统发育树，DNAstar软件进行一致性分析，NetNGlyc1.0、NetOGlyc-4.0在线软件进行糖基化位点预测。2019年3月-2024年2月RSV的检出率为7.08%(85/1200)；年龄分布上以幼儿（1～<3岁）年龄组最高（8.71%,37/425），各年龄组阳性率之间差异无统计学意义；在季节分布上冬季最高（10.67%,32/300）,RSV在不同监测年度及季节间的阳性率差异均有统计学意义。测序得到69株RSV G基因序列（A亚型30株，B亚型39株），A亚型均为ON1基因型，多数毒株发生H258Q和H266L突变（83.33%,25/30）;B亚型均为BA9基因型，均发生P262T、T288I、F297S和T310I突变（100%,39/39）。2019年3月-2024年2月，济南市RSV发病具有明显季节特征，ON1型和BA9型为RSV A、B亚型的流行株，本地株与参考株相比出现多个高频氨基酸突变位点，提示应加强RSV分子流行特征的持续动态监测。
Abstract：This study investigated the epidemiological trends and molecular characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) infections among children in Jinan, China, from March 2019 to February 2024, with a focus on sequence variation in the RSV G gene. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected weekly from children aged 0 to 14 years presenting with influenza-like illness at a pediatric hospital. Multiplex quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR) was used to screen for s multiple respiratory pathogens, including RSV. RSV-positive samples that met sequencing criteria underwent G gene fragment sequencing. Descriptive epidemiological methods were applied for statistical analysis. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using Mega 11.0, sequence alignment and homology analyses were performed using DNAstar, and potential N-and O-glycosylation sites were predicted with NetNGlyc 1.0 and NetOGlyc 4.0, respectively. RSV was detected in 7.08%(85/1200) of the samples. The highest detection rate occurredin toddlers aged 1 to <3 years(8.71%, 37/425), although age-specific differences were not statistically significant. Seasonally, the highest positivity rate was observed in winter(10.67%, 32/300), and RSV detection rates varied significantly across surveillance years and seasons. A total of 69 RSV G gene sequences were obtained, including 30 subtype A strains and 39 subtype B strains. All subtype A strains belonged to the ON1 genotype, with frequent H258Q and H266L mutations observed in 83.33%(25/30) of strains. All subtype B strains were classified as the BA9 genotype, with consistent P262T, T288I, F297S, and T310I mutations(100%,39/39). These findings indicate that RSV circulation in Jinan exhibited clear seasonal patterns during the study period, with ON1 and BA9 as the predominant genotypes of subtypes A and B, respectively. Multiple high-frequency amino acid substitutions were identified compared to reference strains, highlighting the need for sustained molecular surveillance to monitor RSV genetic evolution and inform prevention strategies.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.250129
中图分类号:R725.6;R181.3
引用信息:
[1]孙嘉文,亓娜,赵宝添,等.2019-2024年济南市儿童呼吸道合胞病毒感染的分子流行病学特征分析[J].病毒学报,2025,41(05):1431-1438.DOI:10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.250129.
基金信息:
济南市卫生健康委员会科技发展计划项目：（项目号：2024307004），题目：宏基因组测序对SARI病例诊断及监测的价值研究;济南市卫生健康委员会科技发展计划项目：（项目号：2024307002），题目：鼻病毒A53血清型感染H1-HeLa细胞差异蛋白谱研究~~