| 551 | 22 | 113 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
为了解2020年我国风疹流行病学特征以及流行风疹病毒(Rubella virus,RV)的基因特征,本研究收集整理全国麻疹/风疹监测信息报告管理系统中2020年中国风疹发病数据,分析其流行病学特征;同时,依托全国麻疹/风疹实验室网络获得RV分离株,经鉴定后扩增并测定阳性RV分离株的靶基因序列——E1基因的739个核苷酸片段,并与WHO推荐的基因型参考株序列以及已发表的基因亚型参考株序列进行比对确定基因型和亚型,同时与我国2000-2019年间流行的RV进行亲缘性关系分析。结果显示,2020年中国风疹报告发病率为0.18/10万,继2018-2019年风疹的复发和暴发后出现大幅下降,发病人群年龄组主要为10-29岁无免疫史的青少年和成人;2020年我国RV流行的主要基因亚型为1E-L2与2B-L2c,为2018-2019年间检测到的境外输入性病毒。因此,在实施有效的风疹疫苗免疫后,我国本土流行的病毒逐渐被阻断,然而由于我国风疹易感人群的累积和输入性病毒的持续传播导致了我国近些年风疹疫情的回升。鉴于此,我国应根据现状制定更加切实有效的风疹疫苗免疫策略,消除青少年和成年人中的易感人群;同时应进一步加强风疹流行病学和病毒学监测,从而科学地阻断输入病毒的传播。
Abstract：To understand the epidemiological characteristics of rubella and the genetic characteristics of rubella virus(RV)circulating in China in 2020,this study collected data on rubella incidence in China in 2020 from the national measles/rubella surveillance information report management system,and analyzed the epidemiological characteristics. RV isolates were obtained via the national measles/rubella laboratory network,and,after identification,a 739-nucleotide fragment of the E1 gene from positive strains was amplified and sequenced.Then,the genotype and sub-genotype were determined by comparison with reference strain sequences recommended by the World Health Organization and published lineage reference strain sequences. In addition,genetic relationships were analyzed among Chinese RV strains that circulated during 2000 to 2019. The reported incidence of rubella in China in 2020 was 0.18 cases per 100,000 people,which was a sharp decrease after a rubella resurgence nationwide epidemic in 2018–2019. The main population with RV infection was aged 10–29 years and unvaccinated. The main RV sub-genotypes circulating in 2020 were 1 E-L2 and 2 B-L2 c,which were imported strains detected in 2018 and 2019. Therefore,after the implementation of effective rubella vaccination in China,the domestic RV strains had been gradually interrupted,but the accumulation of a rubellasusceptible population and the continuous transmission of imported strains led to the re-emergence of rubella in China in recent years. In view of this,China should pursue a more effective rubella vaccination strategy in order to eliminate susceptible groups, especially among adolescents and young adults. Moreover, rubella epidemiological and virological surveillance should be further strengthened,so as to interrupt the transmission of imported virus strains in China.
[1]Lambert N,Strebel P,Orenstein W,Icenogle J,Poland G A.Rubella[J].Lancet,2015,385(9984):2297-2307.
[2]Bennett A J,Paskey A C,Ebinger A,Pfaff F,Priemer G,H?per D,Breithaupt A,Heuser E,Ulrich R G,Kuhn J H,Bishop-Lilly K A,Beer M,Goldberg T L.Relatives of rubella virus in diverse mammals[J].Nature,2020,586:424-428.
[3]Standardization of the nomenclature for genetic characteristics of wild-type rubella viruses[J].Wkly Epidemiol Rec,2005,80(14):126-132.
[4]Rivailler P,Abernathy E,Icenogle J.Genetic diversity of currently circulating rubella viruses:A need to define more precise viral groups[J].J Gen Virol,,2017,98:396-404.
[5]Zhu Z,Cai R,Cui A,Zhang Y,Mao N,Xu S,Ji Y,Wang H,Zhang S,Xu W,Wu H.Dynamic Change in Variation of Rubella Viruses Circulating in China's mainland[J].Bing Du Xue Bao,2017,33(1):67-76.
[6]Su Q,Ma C,Wen N,Fan C,Yang H,Wang H,Yin Z,Feng Z,Hao L,Yang W.Epidemiological profile and progress toward rubella elimination in China.10years after nationwide introduction of rubella vaccine[J].Vaccine,2018,36(16):2079-2085.
[7]Zhu Z,Rivailler P,Abernathy E,Cui A,Zhang Y,Mao N,Xu S,Zhou S,Lei Y,Wang Y,Zheng H,He J,Chen Y,Li C,Bo F,Zhao C,Chen M,Lu P,Li F,Gu S,Gao H,Guo Y,Chen H,Feng D,Wang S,Tang X,Lei Y,Feng Y,Deng L,Gong T,Fan L,Xu W,Icenogle J,Rubella Virology Surveillance Working G.Evolutionary analysis of rubella viruses in China's mainland during 2010-2012:endemic circulation of genotype 1E and introductions of genotype 2B[J].Sci Rep,2015,5:7999.
[8]李媛秋,马超,郝利新,王富珍,温宁,杨宏,唐林,安志杰,尹遵栋.中国2018-2019年风疹流行病学特征.[J]中国疫苗和免疫.2021,01:62-66.
[9]国家卫生健康委员会疾病预防控制局.国家卫生计生委办公厅关于进一步加强麻疹监测工作的通知.2014;Available from:http：//www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s3581/201312/62f4ba6cc2394fcf99c50926d2bf90f6.shtml.
[10]Zhu Z,Xu W B,Mao N Y,Jiang X H,Xu S T,He JL,Sun L,Ling H,Zhang Z Y,Li C Y,Ba Z M,Zhan J,Chen H,Wang F X,Zhou S J,Chen X,Zheng L,Dai D F,Zhang H,Liang Y.[Genetic characterization of Chinese rubella virus isolates from 2003 to 2007][J].Bing Du Xue Bao,2008,24(1):7-16.
[11]WHO.Manual for the Laboratory-based Surveillance of Measles,Rubella,and Congenital Rubella Syndrome.2018;third edition:[Available from:https：//www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/burden/laboratory/manual/en/.
[12]Hall T A.BioEdit:a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT[J].Nucl.Acids.Symp.Ser,1999,41:95-98.
[13]Tamura K,Stecher G,Peterson D,Filipski A,Kumar S.MEGA6:Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 6.0[J].Mol Biol Evol,2013,30(12):2725-2729.
[14]Chen N,Zhou M,Dong X,Qu J,Gong F,Han Y,Qiu Y,Wang J,Liu Y,Wei Y,Xia J,Yu T,Zhang X,Zhang L.Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan,China:a descriptive study[J].Lancet,2020,395(10223):507-513.
[15]Wang C,Zhu Z,Xu Q,Xu A,Fang X,Song L,Li W,Xiong P,Xu W.Rubella epidemics and genotypic distribution of the rubella virus in Shandong province,China,in 1999-2010[J].PLoS ONE,2012,7(7):1--7.
[16]Chen M,Zhu Z,Liu D,Huang G,Huang F,Wu J,Zhang T,Xu W,Pang X.Rubella epidemic caused by genotype 1E rubella viruses in Beijing,China,in 2007-2011[J].Virol J,2013,10.
[17]He H,Yan R,Tang X,Zhou Y,Deng X,Xie S.Vaccination in secondary school students expedites rubella control and prevents congenital rubella syndrome[J].BMC Infect Dis,2016,16(1):723-723.
[18]Global measles and rubella laboratory network support for elimination goals,2010-2015[J].Wkly Epidemiol Rec,2016,91(18):240-246.
[19]Zhu Z,Abernathy E,Cui A,Zhang Y,Zhou S,Zhang Z,Wang C,Wang T,Ling H,Zhao C,Chen Y,He J,Sun L,Chen X,Tang J,Feng D,Wang Y,Ba Z,Fan L,Chen H,Pan Z,Zhan J,Chen H,Zhou S,Zheng L,Gao H,Liang Y,Dai D,Icenogle J,Xu W.Rubella virus genotypes in the People's Republic of China between 1979 and 2007:A shift in endemic viruses during the 2001 rubella epidemic[J].J.Clin.Microbiol.2010,48(5):1775--1781.
[20]Zhu Z,Abernathy E,Cui A,Zhang Y,Zhou S,Zhang Z,Wang C,Wang T,Ling H,Zhao C,Chen Y,He J,Sun L,Chen X,Tang J,Feng D,Wang Y,Ba Z,Fan L,Chen H,Pan Z,Zhan J,Chen H,Zhou S,Zheng L,Gao H,Liang Y,Dai D,Icenogle J,Xu W.Rubella virus genotypes in the People's Republic of China between 1979 and 2007:A shift in endemic viruses during the 2001 rubella epidemic[J].J Clin Microbiol,2010,48(5):1775-1781.
[21]World Health Organization.Global vaccine action plan.Geneva,Switzerland:World Health Organization.2012;Available from:https：//apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/78141/9789241504980_eng.pdf;jsessionid=1FCD8BDCCCAACC8E89F9BCB89D15C5B8.
[22]Regional Committee for the Western Pacific.Measles and rubella elimination (Resolution).2017;WPR/RC68.R1:[Available from:https：//iris.wpro.who.int/handle/10665.1/13717.
[23]Kirby T.Rubella is eliminated from the Americas[J].Lancet Infect Dis,2015,15(7):768-769.
[24]Pacific W H O R O f t W.Measles-Rubella Bulletin2021.2021;Available from:http：//iris.wpro.who.int/handle/10665.1/14713.
基本信息:
DOI：10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.003936
中图分类号:R511.2;R181.3
引用信息:
[1]刘莹,崔爱利,郭晋源,等.2020年我国风疹流行病学和病毒基因特征分析[J].病毒学报,2021,37(03):638-647.DOI:10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.003936.
基金信息:
“十三五”国家科技重大专项(项目号：2018ZX10713001-003),题目：病毒性自然疫源性传染病症候群病原谱构成及流行规律研究;“十三五”国家科技重大专项(项目号：2018ZX10713002),题目：病毒性传染病病原谱和病毒基因变异变迁规律研究;“十三五”国家科技重大专项课题(项目号：2018ZX10711001),题目：病毒感染高通量快速检测及应急筛检技术研究;艾滋病、肝炎等传染病防治“十三五”科技重大专项(项目号：2017ZX10104001),题目：基于全基因组的病毒网络化监测和溯源技术体系研究; 深圳市“医疗卫生三名工程”项目资助(项目号：SZSM202011008); 国家重点研究计划(项目号：2017YFC1200303),题目：高等级生物设施重大事故模拟仿真与风险评估关键技术研究;国家重点研究计划(项目号：2018YFC1200602),题目：新发突发烈性传染病人用疫苗的研制与制备技术~~
2021-03-09
2021
2021-03-12
2021-04-02
2021
1
2021-04-02
2021-04-02
2021-04-02