病毒学报

为了解银川市接受抗病毒治疗的HIV-1感染者基因亚型和耐药突变特征。收集2020年银川市接受抗病毒治疗的HIV-1感染者血样，其中病毒载量大于400拷贝/mL的样本进行基因型耐药检测，通过巢式聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增HIV-1 pol基因区片段并测序，对所得序列进行基因分型和耐药突变分析。收集642例血浆样本，50例病毒载量大于400拷贝/mL，基因型耐药检测后获得29例pol区基因序列。17例耐药，3例潜在耐药，总体耐药率为2.65%(17/642)。CRF07＿BC和CRF01＿AE是耐药株的主要基因亚型。NRTIs类耐药突变中，M184V/I(31.03%)突变发生率最高，其次为K65R(17.24%)。3TC、FTC和ABC耐药发生率最高，均为37.93%(11/29)。NNRTIs类耐药突变中，G190A/S/E、V179D/DE/E突变发生率最高，均为24.14%;K103N/KN(17.24%)次之。EFV和NVP耐药发生率最高，均为58.62%(17/29)。2020年银川市新型重组亚型增加，首次检出CRF79＿0107。总体耐药率处于低水平，以NNRTIs耐药为主，需加强耐药监测，严防新型重组毒株的流行。

To investigate the characteristics of HIV-1 genotypes and drug resistance mutations(DRMs) of patients who received antiretroviral therapy(ART)in Yinchuan,China. Plasma samples were collected from HIV/AIDS patients who had received ART in Yinchuan,2020. HIV-1 genotyping drug resistance testing was carried out on patients with viral load >400 copies/mL. The viral HIV-1 pol gene was amplified and sequenced by nested PCR,and sequences were analyzed for HIV-1 subtypes and drug resistance. A total of 642 samples were collected,among which 50 has a viral load >400 copies/mL. Twenty-nine pol gene sequences were acquired,in which 17 cases had drug resistance mutations and 3 cases had potential drug resistance mutations.The drug resistance rate of Yinchuan was 2.65%(17/642). CRF07＿BC and CRF01＿AE are predominant gene subtypes of resistant strains. Among NRTI DRMs,M184V/I(31.03%) was the most frequent mutation,followed by K65R(17.24%). The drug resistance rates of 3TC,FTC and ABC were highest(37.93%).Among NNRTI DRMs,G190A/S/E and V179D/DE/E were the most frequent mutations,followed by K103N/KN. EFV and NVP showed the highest drug resistance rate of 58.62%(17/29). In 2020,novel HIV-1circulating recombinant forms(CRFs)in Yinchuan were increasing,and CRF79＿0107 was identified for the first time. In addition,HIV-1 drug resistance was at a low level,NNRTIs were the main type. It is essential to take steps to strengthen the surveillance of drug resistance and prevent the spread of novel CRFs.