2021 03 v.37 695-711
全球新型冠状病毒变异株研究进展
基金项目(Foundation):
国家重点研发计划(项目号：2018YFC1200305),题目：BSL-4实验室关键设备性能及风险评估与发展战略研究;国家重点研发计划(项目号：2021YFC0863000),题目：新型冠状病毒冷链传播机制和低温消毒技术研究~~
邮箱(Email):
chencao@ivdc.chi;xuwb@ivdc.chi;
DOI:
10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.003975
中文作者单位:
中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所;卫生部医学病毒和病毒病重点实验室;中国科学院生物安全大科学研究中心;
摘要(Abstract):
截至2021年5月11日,基于Pango命名法,依据新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)的基因组变异变迁将其划分为1 281种亚型或分支。而SARS-CoV-2刺突(spike,S)蛋白的变异直接影响病毒的生物学功能。2020年下半年至今,全球多个国家和地区监测发现SARS-CoV-2的S蛋白发生氨基酸突变,特别是受体结合区或单克隆抗体结合位点氨基酸突变引起病毒的传播力和致病力改变以及部分免疫逃逸等。世界卫生组织将重要变异株划分为"关切变异株(variant of concern,VOC)"和"关注变异株(variant of interest,VOI)"。其中,VOC有4个,分别是VOC202012/01、501Y.V2、P.1和B.1.617;VOI有6个,分别是CAL.20C、P.2、B.1.526、B.1.525、B.1.616和P.3。一些氨基酸突变在多个VOC和VOI病毒株中交叉出现或同时出现,E484K/Q等重要氨基酸突变引起的部分免疫逃逸导致全球现有疫苗免疫效力下降,但现有新冠疫苗对VOC和VOI变异株仍然有效。本文通过对SARS-CoV-2变异株流行概况及S蛋白重要氨基酸突变特征进行归纳分析,为新冠病毒变异株的监测、防控和二代疫苗的研制策略提供科学参考。
关键词(KeyWords):
新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19);;新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2);;刺突蛋白;;关切变异株;;关注变异株
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.003975
中图分类号:R373
引用信息:
[1]冯晔囡,宋洋,王世文等.全球新型冠状病毒变异株研究进展[J].病毒学报,2021,37(03):695-711.DOI:10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.003975.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划(项目号：2018YFC1200305),题目：BSL-4实验室关键设备性能及风险评估与发展战略研究;国家重点研发计划(项目号：2021YFC0863000),题目：新型冠状病毒冷链传播机制和低温消毒技术研究~~
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