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本研究分析了嘉兴市2021-2022年乙型流感病毒基因进化特征。首先采集2021-2022年嘉兴市流感样病例咽拭子标本进行流感病毒核酸检测、病毒分离。然后从嘉兴市2021-2022年流感分离株中共选取27株乙型流感病毒代表毒株进行全基因组高通量测序。最后利用生物信息学软件从核苷酸、氨基酸及分子层面对流感毒株进行分子特征分析。2021年嘉兴市共检测1362例流感样病例标本，阳性标本数98例，阳性率为7.20%，均为乙型流感病毒Victoria系（Influenza B virus Lineage Victoria, BV）。2022年嘉兴市共检测1318例流感样病例标本，阳性标本数335例，其中BV系89例，阳性率为6.75%,H3N2亚型246例，阳性率为18.66%。与疫苗株相比，2021年血凝素（haemagglutinin,HA）核苷酸与氨基酸序列相似性为98.92%±0.24%、98.55%±0.21%，神经氨酸酶（neuraminidase,NA）核苷酸与氨基酸序列相似性为99.25%±0.13%、99.37%±0.22%;2022年HA核苷酸与氨基酸序列相似性为99.12%±0.08%、99.64%±0.16%,NA核苷酸与氨基酸序列相似性为98.16±0.25%、98.1±0.19%。2021年嘉兴市分离的BV系流感病毒归属于V1A.3a.1和V1A.3a.2分支，2022年分离的BV系病毒归属于V1A.3a.2分支，V1A.3a.2为2021-2022年嘉兴市优势毒株。在2021年流感毒株中发现一株HA/NA系内重组株B/Zhejiang-Nanhu/1921/2021。与流感疫苗株相比，嘉兴市分离株在HA蛋白的120环、150环、160环及190螺旋等关键的抗原决定簇部位发生H137N、H137Q、A137T、R148G、P159L、N165K、A172T、G196E、 R133K、H137K、R156G等多个氨基酸位点改变，而在NA蛋白上未发现神经氨酸酶抑制剂耐药位点的变异。2021-2022年嘉兴市分离的BV系流感毒株与疫苗株同源性较高，但HA蛋白关键抗原存在数个位点变异，可能导致流感病毒发生抗原漂移等改变，因此应加强对病毒变异的持续监测，为疫苗株更新、流感防控及临床诊疗措施的制定提供参考。
Abstract：Objectives To analyze the gene evolution characteristics of influenza B virus in Jiaxing City, China from 2021 to 2022. Methods Throat swab specimens of influenza-like cases in Jiaxing City, China from 2021 to 2022 were collected for viral nucleic acid detection and virus isolation. A total of 27 representative strains of influenza B virus were selected for Next-generation sequencing. Bioinformatics software was used to analyze the molecular characteristics of influenza strains at the nucleotide, amino acid and molecular levels. Results In 2021, a total of 1362 influenza-like case samples were detected in Jiaxing City, China, of which 98 were positive samples, with a positive rate of 7.20%. All of them were influenza B virus Victoria lineage. In 2022, a total of 1318 influenza-like case specimens were tested in Jiaxing City, with a positive number of 335 samples, including 89 cases of BV with a positive rate of 6.75%, and 246 cases of H3N2 subtype, with a positive rate of 18.66%. Compared with the vaccine strain, the homology of HA nucleotides and amino acids were 98.92%±0.24%, 98.55%±0.21% in 2021, and the homology of NA nucleotides and amino acids were 99.25%±0.13% and 99.37%±0.22%. In 2022, the homology of HA nucleotides and amino acids were 99.12%±0.08%, 99.64±0.16%, and the homology of NA nucleotides and amino acids were 98.16%±0.25% and 98.1%±0.19%. The BV influenza virus isolated in Jiaxing City, China in 2021 belonged to the V1A.3a.1 and V1A.3a.2 clades, and those isolated in 2022 belonged to V1A.3a.2 clade. V1A.3a.2 was the dominant strain in Jiaxing City, China from 2021 to 2022. One recombinant strain within the HA/NA lineage B/Zhejiang-Nanhu/1921/2021 was detected in 2021 influenza strain. Compared with the influenza vaccine strain, the isolate in Jiaxing City, China changed H137N, H137Q, A137T, R148G, P159L, N165K, A172T, G196E, R133K, H137K, R156G and other key antigenic determinants of HA protein. No mutation in neuraminidase inhibitor resistance sites was found on NA protein. Conclusion The BV influenza strain isolated in Jiaxing City, China in 2021-2022 showed high homology with the vaccine strain, but there are several locus mutations in the key antigen of HA protein, which may lead to changes such as antigen drift of influenza virus. Continuous monitoring of virus mutation should be strengthened to provide reference for vaccine strain renewal, influenza prevention and control, and the formulation of clinical diagnosis and treatment measures.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.004428
中图分类号:R511.7
引用信息:
[1]宋银,张雪,李丽娜,等.2021-2022年嘉兴市乙型流感病毒序列进化分析[J].病毒学报,2023,39(06):1650-1659.DOI:10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.004428.
2023-08-28
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2023-11-22
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