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口蹄疫（Foot-and-mouth disease,FMD）是由口蹄疫病毒（Foot-and-mouth disease virus,FMDV）引起的一种偶蹄动物烈性传染病。世界动物卫生组织（World Organisation for Animal Health,WOAH）将其列为法定报告的动物传染病，我国将其列为一类动物疫病。FMDV有O、A、Asia 1、C、SAT 1、SAT 2和SAT 3型7种病毒血清型，血清型间无交叉免疫现象。口蹄疫流行具有明显的地域特征，O型口蹄疫广泛分布，SAT 1型、SAT 2型和SAT 3型（合称南非型口蹄疫）主要流行于非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南地区。近年来，南非型口蹄疫病毒突破传统的流行地域，尤其SAT 2型口蹄疫流行极其活跃，表现出跨区域、远距离传播特点，已经从非洲蔓延到西亚、中东地区，从而增大了我国暴发SAT 2型口蹄疫的风险，严重威胁着我国畜牧业生产安全。为跟踪SAT 2型口蹄疫流行动态，评估其传入风险，本文在系统整理SAT 2型口蹄疫流行历史和现状的基础上，结合近年来境外口蹄疫传入我国的案例，分析了SAT 2型口蹄疫可能传入的路线，并提出了防控建议，旨在为我国防控SAT 2型口蹄疫提供参考。
Abstract：Foot-and-mouth disease(FMD) is a highly contagious disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals, caused by the foot-and-mouth disease virus(FMDV). The World Organisation for Animal Health(WOAH) designates FMD as a notifiable animal infectious disease, while China classifies it as a Class I animal epidemic. In general, FMDV is divided into seven distinct serotypes: O, A, Asia 1, C, and the Southern African Territories(SAT1, SAT2, and SAT 3), with no cross-immunity between them. The spread of FMD exhibits clear geographical patterns. Serotype O of the FMDV is the most widespread globally, whereas the SAT serotypes are primarily restricted to sub-Saharan Africa. However, in recent years, the SAT 2 FMDV has expanded beyond its traditional endemic regions, demonstrating cross-regional and long-distance transmission. It has spread from Africa to West Asia and the Middle East, thereby increasing the risk of SAT 2 outbreaks and posing a serious threat to livestock industries in China. In order to monitor the epidemiological dynamics of the SAT 2 FMDV and evaluate the risk of its introduction into China, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the historical and current epidemiological landscape of SAT 2 FMDV. Drawing upon recent cases of FMDV incursions into China from abroad, this paper analyzes potential pathways through which SAT 2 FMDV might enter the country and offers targeted recommendations for prevention and control measures, aiming to inform and support China's efforts in safeguarding the national livestock industry against SAT 2 FMDV.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.004601
中图分类号:S855.3
引用信息:
[1]张津铭,马维民,丁耀忠,等.南非2型口蹄疫流行动态与传入风险分析[J].病毒学报,2025,41(05):1685-1690.DOI:10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.004601.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划项目(项目号：2021YFD1800300);国家重点研发计划项目(项目号：2021YFD1800500); 甘肃省联合科研基金重点项目(项目号：23JRRRA1515)~~
2024-06-23
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2024-10-22
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