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艾滋病医学全名为获得性免疫缺陷综合征（Acquired immune deficiency syndrome,AIDS）是一种危害性极大的传染病，可损害人体免疫系统，治愈率低，甚至危及生命。艾滋病毒（Human immunodeficiency virus,HIV）亦称为人类免疫缺陷病毒，是AIDS病原体，当在体内持续性复制并破坏免疫系统时，逐渐发展为AIDS。AIDS是HIV感染晚期阶段，患者免疫系统严重受损，发生机会性感染及肿瘤疾病风险增高。抗HIV治疗可抑制病毒复制、降低病毒载量、重建其免疫功能，但影响其疗效因素较多。因此，明确AIDS患者抗HIV治疗对患者免疫学效果的影响因素有利于制定个性化治疗方案、提高患者依从性、改善其预后。本研究综述了AIDS患者抗HIV治疗对患者免疫学效果的影响因素及相关预防和干预策略的进展情况，以期为AIDS患者临床治疗提供参考依据。
Abstract：Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS), is a severe infectious disease caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV), characterized by progressive destruction of the immune system, a low likelihood of cure, and potentially life-threatening outcomes. HIV is the etiologic agent of AIDS and leads to disease progression through persistent replication and immune system deterioration. AIDS represents the advanced stage of HIV infection, during which patients experience profound immunosuppression and a significantly increased risk of opportunistic infections and malignancies. Antiretroviral therapy(ART) effectively suppresses viral replication, reduces viral load, and partially restores immune function. However, numerous factors can influence the immunologic response to ART. Understanding these factors is critical for optimizing individualized treatment strategies, enhancing patient adherence, and improving clinical outcomes.This review summarizes current research on the factors that affect the immunologic efficacy of anti-HIV therapy in AIDS patients, along with recent advances in preventive and interventional approaches. The aim is to provide a scientific basis for guiding clinical decision-making and improving the long-term management of patients with AIDS.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.250058
中图分类号:R512.91
引用信息:
[1]何志晶,张素玉,王志中.艾滋病患者抗艾滋病病毒治疗免疫学效果影响因素及其相关预防和干预策略的研究进展[J].病毒学报,2025,41(04):1331-1337.DOI:10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.250058.
基金信息:
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目（项目号：9YJC840054）,题目：基于知识网络的社会工作学衍生与发展研究~~
2025-02-17
2025
2025-04-24
2025
1
2025-04-25
2025-04-25
2025-04-25